Aakrd}   `@@P @ @`PP`pHH $ @d HHHHff@  d Footnote TableFootnote**.\t.\t/ - :;,.!?%% cx!1cxTOCHeading1Heading2   YEquationVariables@\> ?u???@@2==== <$lastpagenum><$monthname> <$daynum>, <$year>"<$monthnum>/<$daynum>/<$shortyear>J<$hour>:<$minute00> <$ampm> on <$dayname>, <$monthname> <$daynum>, <$year>"<$monthnum>/<$daynum>/<$shortyear><$monthname> <$daynum>, <$year>"<$monthnum>/<$daynum>/<$shortyear> <$fullfilename> <$filename> <$paratext[Title]> <$paratext[Heading1]> <$curpagenum> <$marker1> <$marker2> (Continued)+ (Sheet <$tblsheetnum> of <$tblsheetcount>)Heading & Page <$paratext> on page<$pagenum>Pagepage<$pagenum>See Heading & Page%See <$paratext> on page<$pagenum>. Table All7Table<$paranumonly>, <$paratext>, on page<$pagenum>Table Number & Page'Table<$paranumonly> on page<$pagenum>Heading <$paratext>?HTML Headings++A88::335577AHHA>>>>>>>>>> >">$>&>(>*>,>.>0>2>4>6>8>:><>>>@>B>D>F>H>J>L>N>P>R>T>V>W>X>Z>\>^>`>b>d>f>h>j>l>m>n>p>r>t>v>x>z>|>~>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>?????? ? ?????????? ?"?$?&?(?*?,?.?0?2?4?6?8?:?<?>?@?B?D?F?H?J?L?N?P?R?T?V?X?Z?\?^?`?b?d?f?h?j?l?n?p?r?t?w?y?{?}??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????@4@6@8@:@<@>@@@B@D@F@H@J@L@N@P@R@T@V@W==?@@;#@@@;/;2;5=@ @ @@@@@@@@@@!@#@%@'@(=====&=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=%==='==&=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=%=dq5+d> d=; HmR=HmRHRHRFootnote Hr@=Hr@HzHz Single LineH靕= Footnote =  HD= HDHH Double LineH>  Double Line> > H֝>  Single Line> d5p77HZ֝>; TableFootnoted> d?靕l d> d1QRUX[^adgjmpsvy| %).1W,܁܁Bm }蝝d > 蝝d WaHTML Mapping Table }H蝝d >H蝝d Wa }H蝝d >H蝝d Wa }H蝝d >H蝝d Wa }H蝝d >H蝝d Wa }H>H! FrameMaker PA Source Item }H >H Wa HTML Item }H >H Wa }H>H W aInclude Auto# } H> H W a Comments }H>!H W a }HH># HH W aElement }H>%#H W a New Topic? }H>'H Wa } H>) H Wa }H >+ $H Wa P:Date Line }HH >-#%HH WaP }H >/$&H WaN }H >1%'H WaN } H >3&( H Wa }EH >5')EH Wa P:Reading }HEH >7(*HEH WaP }EH >9)+EH WaN }EH >;*,EH WaN } EH >=+- EH Wa }QH >?,.QH WaP:Title }HQH >A-/HQH WaH* }QH >C.0QH WaN }QH >E/1QH WaN } QH >G02 QH Wa }]H >I13]H WaP:Body }H]H >K24H]H W aP }]H >M35]H W!aN }]H >O46]H W"aN } ]H >Q57 ]H W#a }iH(>S68iH( W$a P:Numbered1 }HiH(>U79HiH((%aLI &a Parent = OL Q'a Depth = 0 }iH(>Y8:iH( W(aN }iH(>[9;iH( W)aY } iH(>]:< iH( W*a }띝H >_;=띝H  W+a P:Heading1 }H띝H >a<>H띝H  W,aH* }띝H >c=?띝H  W-aN }띝H >e>@띝H  W.aN } 띝H >g?A 띝H  W/a }H(>i@BH(  W0a P:Numbered }HH(>kACHH(( 1aP 2a Parent = OL Q3a Depth = 0 }H(>oBDH(  W4aN }H(>qCEH(  W5aY } H(>sDF H(  W6a }H >uEGH  W7a P:CellBody }HH >wFHHH  W8aP }H >yGIH  W9aN }H >{HJH  W:aN } H >}IK H  W;a }H >JLH  W<aP:CellHeading }HH >KMHH  W=aP }H >LNH  W>aN }H >MOH  W?aN } H >NP H  W@a }H >OQH  WAa P:Footnote }HH >PRHH  WBaP }H >QSH  WCaN }H >RTH  WDaN } H >SU H  WEa }ȝH(>TVȝH( WFa P:Bulleted }HȝH(>UWHȝH((GaLI Ha Parent = UL QIa Depth = 0 }ȝH(>VXȝH( WJaN }ȝH(>WYȝH( WKaN } ȝH(>XZ ȝH( WLa }H >Y[H WMa P:Heading2 }HH >Z\HH WNaH* }H >[]H WOaN }H >\^H WPaN } H >]_ H WQa }H>^`HR! P:HeadingRuPAnIn }HH>_aHH WSaP }H>`bH WTaN }H>acH WUaN } H>bd H WVa }7H >ce7H WWa P:Indented }H7H >dfH7H WXaP }7H >eg7H WYaN }7H >fh7H WZaN } 7H >gi 7H W[a }CH>hjCH\! P:TableFootPAnote }HCH>ikHCH W]aP }CH>jlCH W^aN }CH>kmCH W_aN } CH>ln CH W`a }]H(>mo]H( Waa P:TableTitle }H]H(>npH]H((baLI ca Parent = OL Qda Depth = 0 }]H(>oq]H( WeaN }]H(>pr]H( WfaN } ]H(>qs ]H( Wga }֝H >rt֝H Wha P:BodySpaced }H֝H >suH֝H WiaP }֝H >tv֝H WjaN }֝H >uw֝H WkaN } ֝H >vx ֝H Wla }띝H >wy띝H WmaP:Date }H띝H >xzH띝H WnaP }띝H >y{띝H WoaN }띝H >z|띝H WpaN } 띝H >{} 띝H Wqa }H(>|~H(r! P:NumberedPASpaced }HH(>}HH((saP ta Parent = OL Qua Depth = 0 }H(>~H( WvaN }H(>H( WwaY } H(> H( Wxa }H >H WyaP:DateProject }HH >HH WzaP }H >H W{aN }H >H W|aN } H > H W}a }H >H W~a C:BoldItalic }HH > HH WaSTRONG }H ? H WaN }H ? H WaN } H ? H Wa }H? H! C:EquationPA Variables }HH?  HH WaEM }H?  H WaN }H? H WaN } H? H Wa }H ?H Wa C:Italic }HH ?HH W aEM }H ?H W aN }H ?H W aN } H ? H W a }H ?H W aC:Bold }HH ?HH WaSTRONG }H ?H WaN }H ?!H WaN } H ?# H Wa }H?%H! X:Heading & PAPage }HH?'HH Wa See Also }H?)H WaN }H?+H WaN } H?- H Wa })H ?/!)H WaX:Page }H)H ?1 "H)H Wa See Also })H ?3!#)H WaN })H ?5"$)H WaN } )H ?7#% )H Wa }5H?9$&5H! X:See HeadPA ing & Page }H5H?;%'H5H Wa See Also }5H?=&(5H WaN }5H??')5H WaN } 5H?A(* 5H W a }OH ?C)+OH W!a X:Table All }HOH ?E*,HOH W"a See Also }OH ?G+-OH W#aN }OH ?I,.OH W$aN } OH ?K-/ OH W%a }[H?M.0[H &! X:Table NumPA ber & Page }H[H?O/1H[H  W'a See Also }[H?Q02[H  W(aN }[H?S13[H  W)aN } [H?U24 [H  W*a }uH?W35uH !W+a X:Heading }HuH?Y46HuH!,! USE XREF PAFMT }uH?[57uH !W-aN }uH?]68uH !W.aN } uH?_79 uH !W/a }蝝H?a8:蝝H "W0a P:Header }H蝝H?c9;H蝝H"1!THROW PAAWAY }蝝H?e:<蝝H "W2aN }蝝H?g;=蝝H "W3aN } 蝝H?i<> 蝝H "W4a }H ?k=?H #W5a }HH ?m>@HH #W6a }H ?o?AH #W7a }H ?q@BH #W8a } H ?sAC H #W9a }d ?vBFd $W:aHTML Options Table }Dd ?xDd $W;a }Dd ?zDd $W<a }D ?|CGD %W=a }DH ?~FHDH %W>a }H ?GIH %W?a }םD ?HJםD &W@a Image Format }DםH ?IKDםH &WAaIMAGGIF }םH ?JLםH &WBa }D ?KMD 'WCaBanners }DH ?LNDH 'WDaN }H ?MOH 'WEa }ԝD?NPԝD(F! Banner ReferPA ence Frame }DԝH?OQDԝH (WGa }ԝH?PԝH (WHa }D(?>SD((@)I! Copy Files  Imported by PA Rerefernce }DH(?>RTDH( @)WJa }H(?>SUH( @)WKa }DD ?>TVDD @*WLa }DDH ?>UWDDH @*WMa }DH ?>VXDH @*WNa }Vd ?>W[Vd @+WOaSystem Macros }?Vd ?>?Vd @+WPa }?Vd ?>?Vd @+WQa }f? ?>X\f? @,WRa Macro Name }?fH ?>[]?fH @,WSa Replace With }fH ?>\^fH @,WTa Comments }r? ?>]_r? @-WUa StartOfDoc }?rH ?>^`?rH @-WVa }rH ?>_arH @-WWa }~? ?>`b~? @.WXa EndOfDoc }?~H ?>ac?~H @.WYa }~H ?>bd~H @.WZa }??>ce?@/[! StartOfSubPADoc }?H?>df?H @/W\a }H?>egH @/W]a }??>fh?@0^! EndOfSubPADoc }?H?>gi?H @0W_a }H?>hjH @0W`a }??>ik?@1a! StartOfFirstPASubDoc }?H?>jl?H @1Wba }H?>kmH @1Wca }??>ln?@2d! EndOfFirstPASubDoc }?H?>mo?H @2Wea }H?>npH @2Wfa }??>oq?@3g! StartOfLastPASubDoc }?H?>pr?H @3Wha }H?>qsH @3Wia } ??>rt ?@4j! EndOfLastPASubDoc }? H?>su? H @4Wka } H?>tv H @4Wla }&? ?>uw&? @5Wma }?&H ?>vx?&H @5Wna }&H ?>wy&H @5Woa }8d ?>x|8d @6WpaCross-Reference Macros }?8d ?>?8d @6Wqa }?8d ?>?8d @6Wra }H? ?>y}H? @7Wsa Macro Name }?HH ?>|~?HH @7Wta Replace With }HH ?>}HH @7Wua Comments }T??>~T? @8Wva See Also }?TH?>?TH@8w! See Also: PA <$paratext> }TH?>TH @8Wxa }n? ?>n? @9Wya }?nH ?>?nH @9Wza }nH ?>nH @9W{a }d ?> d @:WaGeneral Macros }?d ?>?d @:Wa }?d @>?d @:Wa }?d @>?d @:Wa }? @>"? @;Wa Macro Name d@/ d@0 d 靕l d@1 do  W܁܁Bm }蝝d @3 蝝d  <W|aHeadings Table }H蝝d @5 H蝝d  <W}a }H蝝d @7 H蝝d  <W~a }H@9 H =!Paragraph ForPAmat }HH@; HH  =WaHeading Level }H@= H  =Wa Comments }H@? H >W aTitle }HH@A HH  >Wa }H@C H  >Wa }KH @E KH  ?Wa Heading1 }HKH @G HKH  ?Wa }KH @I KH  ?Wa }WH @K WH  @Wa Heading2 }HWH @M HWH  @W a }WH @O WH  @W a }cH @Q cH  AW a }HcH @S HcH  AW a }cH @U cH  AW a d=8H}?H @> #?H @;Wa Replace With }H @ >"$H @;WaHead }H @ >#%H @;Wa Comments }? @ >$&? @BWa }?H @>%'?H @BW a }H @>&(H @BW!a }H @>')H @BW"a }d @>(.d @CW#aCharacter Macros HH;"HH❝+G܁e HH;$3HH**靕l}?d @>?d @CW$a }?d @>?d @CW%a }? @>)/? @DW&a Macro Name }?H @>.0?H @DW'a Replace With }H @ >/1H @DW(a Comments }? @">0<? @EW)a HUV ;.HUV ❝3G܁e HUV ;05+HUV 22靕l H$ ;1H$ 5G܁e H$ ;33H$ 44靕l HH;4HH &&7 `Static and Dynamic Relocation ,` Introduction 0܁ pThis shows the basic hardware instruction cycle for a machine that uses static relocation and for one that uses I@dynamic relocation. 2b`Static Relocation 3܁t uStatic relocation refers to address transformations being done before execution of a program begins. A typical hardā@(ware instruction cycle looks like this: 4 `loop 5`N w  :=  M [ instr_ctr ];(* fetch instruction *) 6`0 oc  :=  Opcode ( w ); 7`2 adr  :=  Address ( w ); 8`1 instr_ctr  :=  instr_ctr  + 1; 9`% case   oc   of :`L1: reg  :=  reg + M [ adr ];(* add *) ;`@2: M [ adr ] :=  reg ;(* store *) <`:3: instr_ctr  :=  adr ;(* branch *) =` >`  end ? `end  (* loop *) A)`Dynamic Relocation B܁; uDynamic relocation refers to address transformations being done during execution of a program. In what follows, the 0Gzfunction  NL_map  (for Name Location map) maps the relocatable (virtual) address va given in the program into the @.real (physical) storage address  pa : C`*pa  :=  NL_map ( va ) D`:So, a typical hardware instruction cycle looks like this: E `loop F`` w  :=  M [ NL_map ( instr_ctr )];(* fetch instruction *) G`0 oc  :=  Opcode ( w ); H`2 adr  :=  Address ( w ); I`1 instr_ctr  :=  instr_ctr  + 1; J`% case   oc   of K`_1: reg  :=  reg + M [ NL_map ( adr )];(* add *) L`S2: M [ NL_map ( adr )] :=  reg ;(* store *) M`M3: instr_ctr  :=  NL_map ( adr );(* branch *) N` O`  end P `end  (* loop *) C` HH;6HH66 靕lH$ =!:H$ 99靕l H$ =!H$ 8W܁܁h4May 18, 1999ECS 150 Spring 1999Page 1 HUV =!8HHUV GG靕l EGxR>EGxREPwEPw TableFootnote}?H @$>1=?H @EW*a }H @&><H @EW+a d@*??d@+>d@@ 靕l d@,>dR=?RUX[^adgjmpsvy| %).1 HUV =!HUV ❝:W1܁܁h=Last modified at 10:49 pm on Monday, May 17, 1999 HH=!:HHII 靕l HH=!HH❝HWQ܁܁` dLeftd!Rightd ReferenceddHTMLd>HTMLd HeadingsĿ@@ ZMapping Table Title. Ŀ@@ ZBody.  f@PZTitleBody. f@T ZHeading1Body. Ŀ@@ ZFooter. f@T Z TableTitleT:Table : . f@ ZBody. f@ Z BodySpaced. f@ Z Bulleted\t. f@ Z...Date. mf@ Zl. DateProject. Ŀ@@ ZHeader Double Line. f@T ZHeading1Body. f@ Z Numbered.\t. f@E Z Numbered1.\tNumbered. f@ ZBody. Ŀ@@ ZHeader Double Line. f@ Z CellFooting. f@ Z CellHeading. f@ Z CellBody. Ŀ@@ ZMapping Table Cell. f@ Z NumberedSpaced.\t. Ŀ@@3Mapping Table Cell. f@ Z.Reading. Ŀ@@ 3Mapping Table Cell. Ŀ@@ ZMapping Table Cell.  f@PZTitleBody. f@$Z.Line Single Line. f@ ZCellBody. f@ Z CellHeading. f@ Z Footnote. f@T ZHeading2Body. f@T Z HeadingRunInBody. f@ Z Indented. f@   $.H.l..... .D.h.Code. f@  $.H.l..... .D.h.Code. f@ ZBody. f@ Z TableFootnote. f@T Z TableTitleT:Table : . f@ Z .$.H.l..... .D.h.Code. Hf@ ZH. LineComment.  Z ZZ Z蜜 3 Z Z  Z蜜EmphasisZ蜜EquationVariables 3 蜜 BoldItalic  Z   Z Z3 Z ۸ZItalic ZBoldZZThinMediumDoubleThick@ Very Thin HHHHHFormat A HHHHHFormat BH Mapping TableH Mapping Tableh*|#HHHHHf$*DHH+5?HH&69?HH :B?HHH CE?HH*6 ? @ h( A B C D E h  F G H I J h  K L M N O 𝝡h  P Q R S T ȝh( UVWXYh Z[\]^h_`abc7h defghChijklm]h(nopqr֝h stuvw띝h xyz{|h(}~h h    𝝡h  h h h)h  !"#$5h%&'()Oh  *+,-.[h!/ 0 1 2 3 uh "4!5!6!7!8!蝝h!#9":";"<"="h ">#?#@#A#B# %C$D$E$ $&F%G%H%ם %'I&J&K& &(L'M'N'ԝ')O(P(Q(((*@R)S)T)D )@U*V*W*V ,@X+Y+Z+f +-@[,\,],r ,.@^-_-`-~ -/@a.b.c..0@d/e/f//1@g0h0i002@j1k1l113@m2n2o224@p3q3r3 35@s4t4u4& 4@v5w5x58 7@y6z6{6H 68@|7}7~7T79@888n 8@999 ;@:::: :B@ ;";#;$;蝝 =  <<<<> ====? >>>K >@ ???W ?A @@@c @ AAA ;@%B&B'B(B D@)C,C-C CE@.D/D0D D@1E